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The Hungarian health system is primarily organised operates under a single health insurance fund, providing coverage for almost covering nearly all residents. However, the range of services covered by this fund is somewhat though its service range is more limited compared to other European Union EU countries.

Since 2011, significant reforms have led to a highly centralised the system, where with the national government now oversees key aspects like overseeing strategic direction, financing, regulations, and the provision of most specialist and inpatient care. The Ministry of Human Capacities manages the system through the National Healthcare Service Centre (ÁEEK), which handles tasks like coordinates care coordination, hospital planningplans hospitals, and licensing, and acts as an umbrella organisation for local health agenciesoversees licensing. In 2012, the central government took control of local hospitals from county and municipal governmentsauthorities, with the ÁEEK managing these state-owned facilities.

The single health insurance fund is managed by the National Institute of Health Insurance Fund Management (NEAK), a government entity which is supervised by the Ministry of Human Capacities. Funding is derived comes from payroll contributions by employers and employees, as well as direct government transfers.

The healthcare Healthcare delivery system is heavily centered around hospitals. The national government's direct management of hospitals that were previously under local authority has made it the primary provider of both is predominantly hospital-based, with the national government directly managing hospitals and providing most inpatient and outpatient services, although a few though some local governments still own multi-specialty outpatient facilities known as operate polyclinics.

(World Health Organization, 2023)

Public vs private

The national PHR

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The use of EESZT has been mandatory since November 2017 for publicly funded healthcare providers and pharmacies. For non-publicly funded healthcare providers – in the case of private providers who are obligated to provide data to the central implant registry and the prosthesis registry – as well as for the National Ambulance Service, it is mandatory from November 1, 2018. Thus, data will only be entered into the Space after joining, and previous patient data is not yet visible in EESZT. Private providers who have a valid operating license and perform outpatient medical or dental activities have a data reporting obligation to EESZT from 06.01.2020.

https://e-egeszsegugy.gov.hu/web/eeszt-information-portal/history-of-eeszt (EESZT, n.d.-a; EESZT, n.d.-b)

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Features

The National eHealth Infrastructure (EESZT) is a central IT system that has set the foundations for ensuring communication between healthcare service providers.

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EESZT. (n.d). EESZT Information Portal - The History of EESZT. Available at: https://e-egeszsegugy.gov.hu/web/eeszt-information-portal/history-of-eeszt. (Accessed 13 September 2023)

European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. (n.d.). Hungary. World Health Organization, 2023. Hungary: Country Overview. [online] Available at: https://eurohealthobservatory.who.int/countries/hungary. (Accessed 13 September 2023)