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Denmark has a tax-based universal healthcare , system that provides full coverage for all citizens have access to healthcare providing full coverage of the population. Its healthcare system framework is based built on four key pillars:
Universal coverage.
Financed by general taxes.
Free and equal access.
High degree of decentralisation.
The Denmark's healthcare system in Denmark has fully embraced full digitalizationdigitalisation. Each region is tasked with responsible for storing electronic health record (EHR) data in their respective data repositories. The EHR coverage is comprehensive, with healthcare providers mandated by law legally required to report to these regional data repositories. While there are two distinct EHR systems in use throughout the country (EPIC and Systematic), they operate independently without direct data exchange. Nonetheless, healthcare professionals can access their patients’ EHRs through the E-Journal, which includes information from other regions . (Fragidis & Chatzoglou, 2018; Jensen & Thorseng, 2017; Tikkanen et al., 2020).
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Public vs private
The national PHR
History
Sundhed.dk is a public, internet-based portal where every citizen can login log in to see view their medical recordrecords, and every professional healthcare professionals can also access it to see their patients' records.
The history of Sundhed.dk traces dates back to 2001, when a broad political governing body was established formed to support the start of the development of the a national e-health portal. This body included The the Association of County Councils, The the Ministry of the Interior and Health, The the Greater Capital’s Hospital Association, and the municipalities of Copenhagen and Frederiksberg Municipalities.
One of the initial duties for the board of directors' first tasks was to set up initiate a tender process. Given the size scale and intricacy complexity of creating building the shared infrastructure, they opted chose to conduct the tender as a competition, starting beginning in the spring of 2002. The Maersk Data Consortium, made up of Consortium—comprising LEC, ACURE, PLS/Ramboll, and Bysted, emerged as the victor of the competition. A contract was signed with them by the Bysted—won the competition. The central office of sundhedSundhed.dk signed a contract with the consortium in early 2003.
However, it was not until 2009 that patients were given patients did not gain access to their data : in until 2009. In April 2009, sundhedSundhed.dk was launched relaunched on a new technical platform, and a an internal development department started to do most development of services in-housetook over most of the service development, while external consultants were approached brought in only to develop for standalone services (the opposite than it used to happen before)services—reversing the previous approach. One of the first initiatives at that time was to make medical records from public hospitals available so that patients would be able to see accessible to patients, allowing them to view parts of their medical record records, such as treatments, diagnoses, and notes made by the healthcare personnel . (Jensen and Thorseng, 2017; Sundhed.dk, 2023).
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Features
In its technical design, sundhed.dk operates on a federated IT architecture, integrating with local systems. This means sundhed.dk can draw data from over 120 different sources without storing or duplicating it.
Every Danish citizen can log in to the platform after verification and access their medical records on the platform after verification. These records , which include data from their general practitioners (GPs), from the hospital electronic health record (EHR) systems of hospitals (Petersen, 2019), and some certain private health professionals (Hartlev, 2014).
Healthcare professionals can also use the platform , to access the their patients' health data of their patients. Thanks In addition to sundhed, they also have patient data, Sundhed.dk provides access to clinical information , and guidelines , and patient data that may not be available in their own systems. For instanceexample, GPs can access hospital EHRs, waiting lists, and contact information from details for other healthcare professionals (Petersen, 2019).
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On the platform, patients can:
access Access their health journal: here they can see health , which includes medical data from healthcare providers, such as their medical record from their public hospital. This data encompasses medical records from public hospitals, descriptions of X-ray examinations and scans carried out at public hospitals, test results, referrals, discharge letters, medications list (this includes the ability for patients to and a list of medications. Patients can also request repeat prescriptions ), and view a list record of past medical appointments with Gp/specialists/public hospital. register and GPs, specialists, and public hospitals.
Register or deregister as an organ donor, create a treatment will, see check the status of screening procedures, give and grant relatives power of attorney to view their health data or hide some data from the . They also have the option to hide certain information from their health record.
Patients can see View entries made in systems by their doctor and by authorised carers (but cannot see in the system. However, they cannot access entries made in local journal systems at used by private practitioners ' offices and at public hospitals).
see Access a list of their vaccinations.
Challenges and areas for improvement
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Despite its many strengths, there are still areas where the system could improve to further enhance patient engagement and functionality.
One key limitation of the current system is the inability for patients to connect their devices to the record to automatically get their data such as from, for example, the glucometer.
lack of integrations with data sources such as EPIC, which has been introduced by some regions (Jensen, 2016)
Patients cannot add their own data to the recordpersonal health devices, such as home monitoring devices, to their records.
Patients cannot currently add their own health data to their medical records
Published outcomes - statistics
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