Spain
- Federica Andreoni
- Mohammad Al-Ubaydli
Country’s healthcare system in a nutshell
Spain’s National Health System (SNS) is predominantly funded through general taxation, providing universal access to a wide range of services for all residents, including citizens, documented, and undocumented migrants. The Ministry of Health is responsible for national health planning and regulation, while the 17 regional health authorities manage regional operational planning, resource allocation, and decisions regarding service provision. The SNS Interterritorial Council, which includes the national Minister of Health and the regional health ministers, coordinates high-level policies. Although there are minimal regional variations in coverage, disparities in resource allocation do exist. Health services are delivered by a mix of public and private providers, with primary care doctors acting as gatekeepers to specialist and hospital care.
Each autonomous community, including Catalunya and Andalucia, has its own regional health authority responsible for managing and overseeing healthcare within its borders.
(World Health Organization, 2023)
According to the most recent data from 2010, health insurance covered 99.2% of the population in Spain. This includes both those who are part of health insurance schemes and those who have free access to state-provided healthcare services (Our World in Data, n.p.).
Catalunya
In Catalunya, the Generalitat de Catalunya governs the region's healthcare system. This autonomous government enjoys a high degree of independence in healthcare decision-making. The Generalitat sets policies, allocates budgets, and administers healthcare services to meet the specific needs of its population. Additionally, Catalunya has developed its own digital health platform, La Meva Salut, which provides citizens with a range of services to access and manage their healthcare information.
Andalucia
Similarly, in Andalucía, the Junta de Andalucía holds significant authority over the region’s healthcare system. The Junta is responsible for formulating healthcare policies, allocating budgets, and overseeing service provision within the region. Like Catalunya, Andalucía enjoys substantial independence in healthcare decision-making. The region has also developed its own digital health platform, ClicSalud+, which enables residents to access their health records and manage healthcare-related tasks online.
While both Catalunya and Andalucía have a high degree of autonomy in healthcare decision-making, it is important to note that the overarching framework of the Spanish healthcare system prioritises universal access and consistent standards. This ensures that residents across all regions receive a consistent level of quality care.
Public vs private
The pink column refers to the public expenditure as a % of the country’s total healthcare expenditure. The blue dot is the country’s expenditure on health per capita, expressed in international dollars at purchasing power parity.
Bibliography
Dedeu, T., 2017. Health System Catalonia. Presentation given by Dr Toni Dedeu, Director General, Government of Catalonia, Ministry of Health, 27 February. Available at: https://health.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2017-03/ev_20170227_co07_0.pdf (accessed 30 July 2024).
World Health Organization, 2023. Spain: Country Health Profile 2023. State of Health in the EU. Available at: https://eurohealthobservatory.who.int/publications/m/spain-country-health-profile-2023 (accessed: 30 July 2024).